Costco Course
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Lesson 13: Recognizing Second-Party Purchases

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Recognizing Second Party Purchasers

One of the crucial responsibilities of being certified to retail alcohol is ensuring that alcohol is sold only to those legally allowed to purchase and consume it. This course has walked through identification, and through intoxication – the final aspect is recognizing and preventing second-party purchases; when someone buys alcohol for someone who is underage, intoxicated, or otherwise unable to purchase it themselves.

What is a second-party purchase?

A second-party purchase occurs when an individual who is legally allowed to buy alcohol does so on behalf of someone who isn't, such as a minor or an intoxicated person. This act is illegal and can lead to serious consequences, both for the buyer and the seller.

Recognize the signs

To identify a second-party purchaser, keep an eye out for the following behaviours:

  1. Multiple Buyers with One Person Approaching the Counter: A group of people may enter the establishment together, but only one person approaches the counter to make the purchase. Pay attention if the others seem to be watching the transaction closely.

  2. Unusual Conversations or Hesitations: If the person making the purchase seems unsure about what to buy or consults with others before deciding, it could be a sign that they're buying for someone else. Also, look for any hesitation or nervousness when you ask for ID.

  3. Youth in the Background: Be aware if you see minors lingering outside or nearby while an adult goes inside to buy alcohol. This could indicate that the adult is making a purchase on their behalf.

  4. Frequent Purchases of Specific Items: If a customer frequently buys alcohol in large quantities or specific types of drinks that are popular with younger people, consider whether they might be purchasing for someone else.

  5. Suspicious Behaviour: Watch for customers who seem to be watching you or the surroundings carefully, as if they’re worried about being caught. This can be a sign of second-party purchasing.

What to do if you suspect a second-party purchase

If you suspect that someone is attempting a second-party purchase, it's essential to take action:

  1. Ask Questions: Politely inquire if the alcohol is for them. Often, asking a few questions can cause a second-party purchaser to reconsider their actions.

  2. Request ID from Everyone: If you see a group together, ask for identification from everyone present. If they refuse or can't provide it, refuse the sale.

  3. Trust Your Instincts: If something feels off about the situation, don't be afraid to refuse the sale. It’s better to be cautious than to allow an illegal transaction to occur.

  4. Document the Incident: If you do refuse a sale, document the incident according to your establishment's policy. This can help protect you and your business if questions arise later 


1. A group of four young adults approach the checkout counter. Each places alcohol on the conveyor belt, and you can see one of the young adults hand another a $20 dollar bill. One of the young adults approaches the till, to pay for all the items. That adult has ID, is over 19, and is not intoxicated. When questioned, they claim that all the alcohol is for them. Do you: